Glenoid Fracture
What is a Glenoid Fracture?
A glenoid fracture is a break in the socket portion of the scapula that articulates with the humeral head, leading to shoulder instability if not properly managed.
- Fracture of the glenoid fossa
- Affects the shoulder joint surface
Overview of the Condition
These fractures are relatively rare, often resulting from high-energy trauma (e.g., motor vehicle accidents) or shoulder dislocations.
Symptoms
- Severe shoulder pain
- Inability to move arm without pain
- Potential shoulder instability
Causes
High-energy trauma or acute shoulder dislocations can cause glenoid rim or fossa fractures.
Diagnosis
X-rays may reveal the fracture, but CT scans are often needed to assess fracture pattern and displacement.
Treatment Options
- Non-surgical for minimally displaced fractures
- ORIF for significant displacement affecting joint stability
- Physical therapy post-healing
Conservative Management
If the fracture is stable and not significantly displaced, the arm may be immobilized in a sling, followed by controlled range-of-motion exercises.
Rehabilitation Exercises
- Gentle passive range-of-motion after initial immobilization
- Gradual strengthening of rotator cuff and scapular muscles
- Proprioception and stability drills
Surgical Options
Open reduction and internal fixation to restore the glenoid articular surface and maintain shoulder stability.
Anatomy Overview
The glenoid is the socket of the shoulder joint, part of the scapula. Proper alignment is crucial for stable shoulder mechanics.
Affected Areas
- Glenoid fossa (socket)
- Adjacent scapular bone
Frequently Asked Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can a glenoid fracture heal without surgery? | Yes, if minimally displaced and stable. Significant displacement usually requires surgical correction. |
| How long is recovery? | It may take several months for full return to activities, including rehabilitation and strengthening. |
Prevention Strategies
- Use seat belts and protective gear in high-risk activities
- Avoid high-impact sports without proper training
- Maintain bone density and general fitness