Osteochondral Defect
What is an Osteochondral Defect?
An osteochondral defect is a focal area of damaged cartilage and underlying bone, commonly found on the femoral condyles or tibial plateau in the knee.
- Focal cartilage injury
- May involve subchondral bone damage
Overview of the Condition
It often results from trauma or chronic overuse and can lead to pain and joint dysfunction.
Symptoms
- Localized knee pain
- Swelling and joint stiffness
- Locking or catching sensations
Causes
Typically caused by acute trauma, repetitive microtrauma, or osteochondritis dissecans.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is confirmed with MRI or CT scans which identify the defect in the cartilage and bone.
Treatment Options
- Conservative management with physical therapy
- Surgical options include microfracture, osteochondral autograft transfer, or autologous chondrocyte implantation
Conservative Management
Initial treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and maintaining joint function through physical therapy.
Rehabilitation Exercises
- Low-impact range-of-motion exercises
- Strengthening exercises for knee stabilizers
- Gradual weight-bearing progression
Surgical Options
Surgical repair may involve techniques such as microfracture or osteochondral grafting to restore the cartilage surface.
Anatomy Overview
Osteochondral defects occur within the articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the knee joint.
Affected Areas
- Femoral condyles
- Tibial plateau
Frequently Asked Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can an osteochondral defect heal without surgery? | Small defects may heal with conservative management, but larger lesions often require surgical repair. |
| What is the recovery like after surgery? | Recovery varies but generally includes several months of rehabilitation. |
Prevention Strategies
- Avoid high-impact activities if at risk
- Strengthen muscles around the knee
- Maintain proper technique during sports