Shoulder Labral Tear
What is a Shoulder Labral Tear?
A shoulder labral tear involves a tear in the cartilage rim (labrum) surrounding the glenoid socket, which can lead to instability, pain, and catching sensations.
- Injury to the glenoid labrum
- May cause shoulder instability
Overview of the Condition
Labral tears may occur from repetitive overhead activities, trauma (dislocation), or degenerative changes. Specific types include SLAP (superior labrum anterior to posterior) and Bankart tears.
Symptoms
- Deep shoulder pain or ache
- Clicking or catching sensation
- Instability or weakness, especially overhead
Causes
Repetitive overhead motions, acute injuries (shoulder dislocation), or degenerative changes in older adults can tear the labrum.
Diagnosis
Special tests (O’Brien’s, Speed’s) and imaging (MRI arthrogram) are used to confirm a labral tear.
Treatment Options
- Physical therapy for mild tears or degenerative lesions
- Arthroscopic surgical repair or debridement for symptomatic tears
Conservative Management
Includes rest, NSAIDs, and shoulder stabilization exercises focusing on rotator cuff and scapular muscles.
Rehabilitation Exercises
- Gentle passive range-of-motion exercises
- Rotator cuff strengthening
- Shoulder stability drills (proprioception)
Surgical Options
Arthroscopic repair with suture anchors to reattach the labrum. Bankart repairs address anterior instability; SLAP repairs address superior labral tears.
Anatomy Overview
The labrum is a ring of fibrocartilage that deepens the glenoid socket. Tears compromise shoulder stability and function.
Affected Areas
- Glenoid labrum
- Glenohumeral joint capsule
Frequently Asked Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can a labral tear heal on its own? | Small tears sometimes heal with rest and therapy, but larger tears often need surgical intervention. |
| What is recovery like after surgery? | Recovery can take several months, involving gradual return to overhead or sporting activities. |
Prevention Strategies
- Avoid repetitive overhead stress
- Strengthen rotator cuff and scapular stabilizers
- Use proper throwing or lifting techniques