Arthritis Of The Knee
What is Arthritis of the Knee?
Arthritis of the knee is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage loss, pain, stiffness, and swelling in the knee joint.
- Cartilage deterioration
- Joint pain and stiffness
- Impaired mobility
Overview of the Condition
It commonly affects older adults and can be associated with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
Symptoms
- Knee pain and swelling
- Stiffness after rest
- Crepitus (grinding sensation) during movement
Causes
Mainly due to wear and tear over time, previous injuries, or autoimmune conditions.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made with a clinical exam and confirmed with X-rays or MRI showing joint space narrowing and osteophyte formation.
Treatment Options
- Pain relief with NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections
- Physical therapy and weight management
- Surgical options such as knee replacement for severe cases
Conservative Management
Initial care includes medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications to reduce stress on the knee.
Rehabilitation Exercises
- Low-impact aerobic exercises (e.g., cycling, swimming)
- Strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings
- Flexibility and range-of-motion activities
Surgical Options
In advanced cases, surgical treatments like osteotomy or total knee replacement may be indicated.
Anatomy Overview
The knee joint consists of the femur, tibia, and patella, with cartilage cushioning and ligaments providing stability.
Affected Areas
- Knee joint (medial, lateral, and patellofemoral compartments)
- Surrounding ligaments and tendons
Frequently Asked Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can knee arthritis be managed without surgery? | Yes, many patients benefit from non-surgical treatments such as physical therapy and medications. |
| What are common symptoms? | Pain, stiffness, and swelling are typical, especially after prolonged activity or rest. |
Prevention Strategies
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Exercise regularly to strengthen muscles around the knee
- Avoid repetitive high-impact activities