Rotator Cuff Disease
What is Rotator Cuff Disease?
Rotator cuff disease encompasses various injuries to the rotator cuff tendons, including tendinitis, partial tears, and full-thickness tears, leading to shoulder pain and weakness.
- Inflammation or tears in the rotator cuff tendons
- Causes shoulder pain and decreased function
Overview of the Condition
The rotator cuff is a group of four tendons (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis) essential for shoulder stability and movement.
Symptoms
- Shoulder pain (especially overhead or at night)
- Weakness in abduction and rotation
- Clicking or popping sensations
Causes
Rotator cuff disease can be caused by repetitive overhead activities, acute trauma, or degenerative changes in older adults.
Diagnosis
Clinical tests (e.g., Jobe’s test) and imaging (MRI or ultrasound) help confirm tendon inflammation or tears.
Treatment Options
- Conservative care with physical therapy and NSAIDs
- Corticosteroid injections for pain management
- Surgical repair for significant tears or persistent symptoms
Conservative Management
Activity modification, physical therapy focusing on rotator cuff strengthening and scapular stabilization, and anti-inflammatory medications.
Rehabilitation Exercises
- Rotator cuff strengthening (internal/external rotation)
- Scapular stabilizing exercises
- Passive stretching to maintain range of motion
Surgical Options
Arthroscopic or open repair may be done for full-thickness tears to reattach the tendon to the humeral head.
Anatomy Overview
The rotator cuff tendons stabilize the glenohumeral joint. Injury or degeneration compromises shoulder function.
Affected Areas
- Supraspinatus tendon (most commonly affected)
- Infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
Frequently Asked Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can a rotator cuff tear heal on its own? | Small tears may improve with therapy, but larger tears often require surgical intervention. |
| How long is recovery after surgical repair? | Recovery can take 4-6 months or more, depending on tear size and rehabilitation. |
Prevention Strategies
- Warm up before overhead activities
- Strengthen rotator cuff and scapular muscles
- Use proper sports techniques