Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
What is Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome is a compression neuropathy of the tibial nerve as it passes through the tarsal tunnel on the medial side of the ankle.
- Involves compression of the tibial nerve
- May result from anatomical abnormalities or trauma
Overview of the Condition
This condition leads to pain, tingling, and numbness along the inner ankle and bottom of the foot.
Symptoms
- Burning pain and tingling on the inside of the ankle
- Numbness in the bottom of the foot
- Swelling around the tarsal tunnel
Causes
Common causes include overuse, trauma, varicose veins, or anatomical variations that narrow the tarsal tunnel.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a clinical exam, Tinel’s sign testing, nerve conduction studies, and imaging to rule out other conditions.
Treatment Options
- Conservative measures such as rest and anti-inflammatory medications
- Custom orthotics and physical therapy
- Corticosteroid injections in some cases
Conservative Management
Initial treatment includes rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy to reduce nerve compression.
Rehabilitation Exercises
- Calf and ankle stretching
- Strengthening exercises for the foot muscles
- Gait training to reduce abnormal pressure on the nerve
Surgical Options
Surgical decompression (tarsal tunnel release) is considered when conservative treatments fail.
Anatomy Overview
The tarsal tunnel is a narrow space on the inside of the ankle, bounded by bone and a thick band of tissue (the flexor retinaculum).
Affected Areas
- Medial ankle
- Plantar surface of the foot
Frequently Asked Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome be cured? | Many patients find relief with conservative treatments, though some may require surgery. |
| What are common symptoms? | Patients often report burning pain, tingling, and numbness in the inner ankle and foot. |
Prevention Strategies
- Wear supportive footwear
- Avoid prolonged standing or walking on hard surfaces
- Maintain a healthy weight to reduce pressure on the feet